Solving a Mystery with Classical and Dual Photoredox Catalysis: Application of Nickel in the Synthesis of Ergot Alkaloids.
Abstract
A short synthesis of the ergot alkaloid lysergene and a formal total synthesis of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) under the avoidance of palladium and including two nickel-catalyzed steps instead have been developed. A key intermediate of this approach has already been reported by Hendrickson et al. in 2004 (Hendrickson, J.B. et al. <i>Org. Lett.</i> <b>2004</b>, <i>6</i>, 3-5), yet the spectral data do not match, adding to doubts about the course of their route. While the final steps of the Hendrickson synthesis could not be reproduced, we were able to leverage the elusive intermediate.
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